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Outlook

Household consumption looks fragile.

Canada’s incredibly-indebted private non-financial sector remains its biggest point of vulnerability. With long-term rates ratcheting higher and the burden on mortgage holders continuing to increase, debt service ratios are set to climb well above records set just before the pandemic. We think this will reduce consumer spending power and business investment at a time when real income growth is fading and lending conditions are tightening. A recent recovery in real estate values is likely to pull new listings into the market, just as rising carrying costs cool demand. This should limit further price appreciation and reduce the likelihood of a...

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Upside potential looks limited.

While the UK’s higher interest rate structure might help the pound hold up against the US dollar, we see it underperforming other currencies such as the euro and Japanese yen over the third and fourth quarters – and progressively losing ground against the Australian dollar as 2023 rolls on. This reflects our comparatively-bearish take on the country’s economic prospects, exacerbated by a persistently large current account deficit and weaker terms of trade.The British economy has so far held up better than anticipated. But with interest rates moving deeper into restrictive territory, and real wages remaining negative, we believe a sharp...

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Exchange rate gains could prove fragile.

We think the euro could continue to appreciate against the dollar into the early autumn on expectations for a divergence in policy between the European Central Bank and its US counterpart, but we hold weaker-than-consensus views on the currency’s longer-term performance. Until economic surprise indices turn in the euro area’s favour and the Federal Reserve ends its tightening cycle in a decisive manner, we suspect the exchange rate will have difficulty sustaining levels above the 1.15 threshold. Economic Surprise Indices

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Bullish signals are proliferating.

We have a positive medium-term bias and expect the yen to strengthen over the third quarter and subsequent quarters. We see the currency rising towards 130 by year-end, and into the mid-120’s in a year’s time. This stems from several factors including: (a) Our expectation that the Bank of Japan will embark on a policy normalisation path given the upturn in inflation. Core inflation (all items excluding fresh food and energy) is now running north of 4 percent per annum, the highest since 1981. In our judgment, an ultra-accommodative stance appears untenable, and it seems to be a matter of...

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The dollar could read its own obituary once again.

The greenback remains deeply overvalued against the euro, pound, and yen. We think the correction that began last year will continue to unfold over the next 12 months, with the trade-weighted exchange rate underperforming relative to the world’s biggest economies. But we don’t expect this decline to prove as fast-paced or as sustained as the consensus would suggest. We’re not convinced the Fed will cut rates before May 2024, and we think long-term yields could remain remain relatively elevated as liquidity ebbs and quantitative tightening efforts continue. This could mean that the dollar maintains positive real carry relative to currencies...

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