Global
Global
Real Gross Domestic Product
Real gross domestic product, annual % change, updates quarterly
Real gross domestic product measures the change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods and services produced in the economy. It comprises private consumption and investment, inventory buildup, government spending and net exports. Markets watch this indicator to gauge the strength and composition of growth.
Global
Unemployment Rate
Harmonized unemployment rate, all persons, %, SA, updates monthly
Unemployment rates measure the percentage of the labor force currently not working but actively seeking employment. Markets monitor unemployment rates to assess the cyclical health of economies and the likelihood that wage demands may increase inflationary pressures.
Global
Consumer Prices
All items, core, annual change, %, SA, updates monthly
Consumer Price indices measure the change over time in average prices paid by consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services. As the most widely used measure of inflation, changes in these indices are closely followed by policymakers, financial markets, businesses, and consumers. Statistics agencies typically report both an ‘All Items’ number that includes all categories in the calculation basket, and a "Core" number that strips out highly volatile food and energy prices. Data shown are "Core" indices distributed by the respective national statistics agencies.
Global
Current Account
Current account balance, % share of global gross domestic product, updates annually
Current accounts measure each individual country’s transactions with the rest of the world. They measure the difference between the inflows of funds to a country from goods and services exported, income on holdings of foreign assets, remittances and grants received versus the outflow of funds from the same activities. A positive current account balance indicates that a country is a net lender to the rest of the world, while a negative current account balance indicates that it is a net borrower.
*Estimates begin after 2024
Global
Policy Rates
Central bank target rates, %, updates monthly
Central bank policy rates are the rates used by a central bank to implement or signal its monetary policy stance. Rates are typically set by policy making committees at regularly scheduled meetings throughout the year. In some countries policy rates are represented by discount rates and in others by repurchase agreement rates. Please note: A number of central banks implement their monetary policy based on more than one interest rate. For central banks that communicate a target band, the middle of the band is shown. Rates shown may lag decisions due to monthly recalculation periods.
Global
Money Supply
M2 money supply, billions USD, updates monthly
M2 Money Supply is a measure of currency that includes cash, checking deposits, and non-cash assets that can easily be converted into cash. Markets don’t typically respond directly to changes in M2, but growth in the money supply can influence inflation, interest rates, and exchange rates over longer time horizons.
Global
Money Supply Growth
M2 money supply, annual change, billions USD, updates monthly
M2 Money Supply is a measure of currency that includes cash, checking deposits, and non-cash assets that can easily be converted into cash. Markets don’t typically respond directly to changes in M2, but growth in the money supply can influence inflation, interest rates, and exchange rates over longer time horizons.
Global
Central Bank Assets
Central bank assets, billions USD, updates monthly
Central Bank Assets consist of government and corporate bonds, credit granted to financial institutions, foreign reserves, and other securities. Changes in central bank balance sheets help determine liquidity in the banking system and assist in the implementation of monetary policy. When policymakers buy government bonds and corporate debt instruments, they are seeking to lower yields and loosen financial conditions. Conversely, when assets are sold, they are seeking to increase yields and tighten financial conditions.
Global
Economic Policy Uncertainty
Global Economic Policy Uncertainty Index, GDP-weighted average, updates monthly
The Global Economy Policy Uncertainty Index is a gross-domestic-product-weighted average of national economic policy uncertainty indices for 16 countries that account for two-thirds of global output. Each national index reflects the relative frequency of own-country newspaper articles that contain a trio of terms pertaining to the economy, uncertainty and policy-related matters.
Global
General Debt Ratios
Credit to general government, non-financial corporate, and household sectors, % of gross domestic product at market value (Chinese government at nominal value)
Aggregate Debt Ratios measure the total borrowing of the general government, non-financial corporate, and household sectors, expressed as a share of gross domestic product. Total debt is followed by investors as a gauge of the vulnerability of an economy to financial shocks. An overly fast pace of debt growth is also frequently associated with a buildup of unproductive investment and excessively high asset valuations.
Global
Net International Investment Position
Net international investment position, billions USD, adjusted for breaks, updates quarterly
The Net International Investment Position is the difference between the external financial assets and liabilities of a nation. A nation with a positive position is a creditor nation and is generally considered a safe haven in financial markets. A nation with a negative position is a debtor nation, with deeper balance of payments vulnerabilities..
Latest Analysis
Latest Analysis
Australian CPI surprise
27 August, 2025
• Consolidation. Modest moves across markets. US bond yields fell again. AUD ticked higher. AUD also strengthened a bit on most of the major crosses.• AU CPI. Inflation re-accelerated with base-effects...
Powell Turns Dovish in Jackson Hole, Triggering Dollar Plunge
22 August, 2025
Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell provided a clear signal that the central bank will soon resume cutting interest rates in a speech at the Jackson Hole Economic Symposium this morning. “The balance of...
US Rate Cut Expectations Tumble Ahead of Jackson Hole
22 August, 2025
The trade-weighted dollar is holding near a two-week high after yesterday’s hotter-than-anticipated activity data triggered a dramatic reappraisal of the Federal Reserve’s expected easing trajectory, lowering...
What will Chair Powell say?
21 August, 2025
• Cautious tone. Hawkish Fed soundbites & positive US data saw yields tick higher. US equities slipped back. AUD & NZD remain on the backfoot.• Fed speak. Chair Powell speaks at Jackson Hole tonight....
Outlook Improves As Global Private Sector Activity Rebounds
21 August, 2025
A hint of cautious optimism is creeping into currency markets this morning after a raft of activity gauges suggested that the global private sector is proving surprisingly resilient in the face of the...
Currency Markets Steady As Traders Await Fed Communications
20 August, 2025
It’s quiet. Too quiet. Most major currency pairs remain trapped in tight price ranges this morning as volumes fall, but the dollar is firming slightly as traders hedge themselves against an unexpectedly-hawkish...
RBNZ: who let the doves out?
20 August, 2025
After holding steady last time out the Reserve Bank of New Zealand once again spread its ‘dovish’ wings at today’s policy meeting. As expected, the RBNZ announced another 25bp cut which lowered the Official...
Markets hit an air pocket
19 August, 2025
• Market wobbles. A small bout of risk aversion overnight. US equities declined while the USD ticked up. AUD & NZD lost some ground.• RBNZ meeting. RBNZ expected to cut rates again today. Will it flag...
Currency Market Price Action Slows, Canadian Inflation Eases
19 August, 2025
A sense of calm has descended upon global financial markets as the data cadence slows, geopolitical developments settle to a dull roar, and monetary policy expectations stabilise. Benchmark Treasury yields...
Traders Turn Cautious in Run-Up to Jackson Hole
18 August, 2025
Good morning, and welcome back. In the US, ten-year Treasury yields are holding near last week’s levels, equity futures are setting up for a modest advance at the open, and the dollar is trading near a...