Global
Global
Real Gross Domestic Product
Real gross domestic product, annual % change, updates quarterly
Real gross domestic product measures the change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods and services produced in the economy. It comprises private consumption and investment, inventory buildup, government spending and net exports. Markets watch this indicator to gauge the strength and composition of growth.
Global
Unemployment Rate
Harmonized unemployment rate, all persons, %, SA, updates monthly
Unemployment rates measure the percentage of the labor force currently not working but actively seeking employment. Markets monitor unemployment rates to assess the cyclical health of economies and the likelihood that wage demands may increase inflationary pressures.
Global
Consumer Prices
All items, core, annual change, %, SA, updates monthly
Consumer Price indices measure the change over time in average prices paid by consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services. As the most widely used measure of inflation, changes in these indices are closely followed by policymakers, financial markets, businesses, and consumers. Statistics agencies typically report both an ‘All Items’ number that includes all categories in the calculation basket, and a "Core" number that strips out highly volatile food and energy prices. Data shown are "Core" indices distributed by the respective national statistics agencies.
Global
Current Account
Current account balance, % share of global gross domestic product, updates annually
Current accounts measure each individual country’s transactions with the rest of the world. They measure the difference between the inflows of funds to a country from goods and services exported, income on holdings of foreign assets, remittances and grants received versus the outflow of funds from the same activities. A positive current account balance indicates that a country is a net lender to the rest of the world, while a negative current account balance indicates that it is a net borrower.
*Estimates begin after 2024
Global
Policy Rates
Central bank target rates, %, updates monthly
Central bank policy rates are the rates used by a central bank to implement or signal its monetary policy stance. Rates are typically set by policy making committees at regularly scheduled meetings throughout the year. In some countries policy rates are represented by discount rates and in others by repurchase agreement rates. Please note: A number of central banks implement their monetary policy based on more than one interest rate. For central banks that communicate a target band, the middle of the band is shown. Rates shown may lag decisions due to monthly recalculation periods.
Global
Money Supply
M2 money supply, billions USD, updates monthly
M2 Money Supply is a measure of currency that includes cash, checking deposits, and non-cash assets that can easily be converted into cash. Markets don’t typically respond directly to changes in M2, but growth in the money supply can influence inflation, interest rates, and exchange rates over longer time horizons.
Global
Money Supply Growth
M2 money supply, annual change, billions USD, updates monthly
M2 Money Supply is a measure of currency that includes cash, checking deposits, and non-cash assets that can easily be converted into cash. Markets don’t typically respond directly to changes in M2, but growth in the money supply can influence inflation, interest rates, and exchange rates over longer time horizons.
Global
Central Bank Assets
Central bank assets, billions USD, updates monthly
Central Bank Assets consist of government and corporate bonds, credit granted to financial institutions, foreign reserves, and other securities. Changes in central bank balance sheets help determine liquidity in the banking system and assist in the implementation of monetary policy. When policymakers buy government bonds and corporate debt instruments, they are seeking to lower yields and loosen financial conditions. Conversely, when assets are sold, they are seeking to increase yields and tighten financial conditions.
Global
Economic Policy Uncertainty
Global Economic Policy Uncertainty Index, GDP-weighted average, updates monthly
The Global Economy Policy Uncertainty Index is a gross-domestic-product-weighted average of national economic policy uncertainty indices for 16 countries that account for two-thirds of global output. Each national index reflects the relative frequency of own-country newspaper articles that contain a trio of terms pertaining to the economy, uncertainty and policy-related matters.
Global
General Debt Ratios
Credit to general government, non-financial corporate, and household sectors, % of gross domestic product at market value (Chinese government at nominal value)
Aggregate Debt Ratios measure the total borrowing of the general government, non-financial corporate, and household sectors, expressed as a share of gross domestic product. Total debt is followed by investors as a gauge of the vulnerability of an economy to financial shocks. An overly fast pace of debt growth is also frequently associated with a buildup of unproductive investment and excessively high asset valuations.
Global
Net International Investment Position
Net international investment position, billions USD, adjusted for breaks, updates quarterly
The Net International Investment Position is the difference between the external financial assets and liabilities of a nation. A nation with a positive position is a creditor nation and is generally considered a safe haven in financial markets. A nation with a negative position is a debtor nation, with deeper balance of payments vulnerabilities..
Latest Analysis
Latest Analysis
Easing Financial Conditions Translate Into Broad-Based Optimism
09 September, 2025
A sense of optimism is percolating across global financial markets this morning, underpinned by hopes for a drawn-out monetary easing campaign from the Federal Reserve. Long-term bond yields are coming...
Onwards & upwards
08 September, 2025
• Upbeat tone. Markets continue to factor in US Fed rate cuts. US bond yields fell further & USD weakened. AUD approaching top of its year-to-date range.• US jobs. Benchmark revisions to US payrolls...
Markets Hunker Down Ahead of Inflation Reports
08 September, 2025
Currency markets are back in consolidation mode as investors keep an eye on international developments and await inflation data that could alter US monetary policy expectations across the front end of...
US stall speed
07 September, 2025
• US jobs. Weaker than forecast US jobs report. US Fed rate cut expectations increase. Lower US bond yields weigh on USD. AUD & NZD firmer.• Fed policy. Step down in employment points to a series of...
US Job Market Hits Wall, Raising Fed Easing Expectations
05 September, 2025
The US job creation engine slowed further last month, reinforcing market expectations for at least two rate cuts from the Federal Reserve in the remainder of the year. According to data just released by...
Bond Market Turmoil Eases As Labour Markets Slow
04 September, 2025
A fragile sense of calm is returning to financial markets this morning as investors revert to betting on an aggressive easing cycle from the Federal Reserve. The yield on the 30-year US Treasury is back...
Sentiment turnaround
03 September, 2025
• Positive tone. Improved risk sentiment overnight with equities rising, bond yields falling, & the USD weaker. AUD/USD rebounded.• US data. US job openings weaker than expected. Cracks in the US jobs...
Strains Grow As Investors Shun Long-Term Debt
03 September, 2025
A global selloff in long-term government bond markets is extending this morning amid a wholesale reappraisal of sovereign debt and inflation risks. Thirty-year securities are coming under the heaviest...
Debt worries
02 September, 2025
• Debt jitters. Concerns about UK debt pushed up yields & weighed on GBP. Shaky risk sentiment supported the USD. AUD lost some ground.• AU growth. Q2 GDP released today. A few push-pull forces at...
Jump In Long-Term Yields Pummels Currency Markets
02 September, 2025
Traders are cutting risk and global interest rates are ratcheting higher as investors sell long-duration instruments this morning, suggesting that a relatively calm summer in financial markets is quickly...