Global
Global
Real Gross Domestic Product
Real gross domestic product, annual % change, updates quarterly
Real gross domestic product measures the change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods and services produced in the economy. It comprises private consumption and investment, inventory buildup, government spending and net exports. Markets watch this indicator to gauge the strength and composition of growth.
Global
Unemployment Rate
Harmonized unemployment rate, all persons, %, SA, updates monthly
Unemployment rates measure the percentage of the labor force currently not working but actively seeking employment. Markets monitor unemployment rates to assess the cyclical health of economies and the likelihood that wage demands may increase inflationary pressures.
Global
Consumer Prices
All items, core, annual change, %, SA, updates monthly
Consumer Price indices measure the change over time in average prices paid by consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services. As the most widely used measure of inflation, changes in these indices are closely followed by policymakers, financial markets, businesses, and consumers. Statistics agencies typically report both an ‘All Items’ number that includes all categories in the calculation basket, and a "Core" number that strips out highly volatile food and energy prices. Data shown are "Core" indices distributed by the respective national statistics agencies.
Global
Current Account
Current account balance, % share of global gross domestic product, updates annually
Current accounts measure each individual country’s transactions with the rest of the world. They measure the difference between the inflows of funds to a country from goods and services exported, income on holdings of foreign assets, remittances and grants received versus the outflow of funds from the same activities. A positive current account balance indicates that a country is a net lender to the rest of the world, while a negative current account balance indicates that it is a net borrower.
*Estimates begin after 2024
Global
Policy Rates
Central bank target rates, %, updates monthly
Central bank policy rates are the rates used by a central bank to implement or signal its monetary policy stance. Rates are typically set by policy making committees at regularly scheduled meetings throughout the year. In some countries policy rates are represented by discount rates and in others by repurchase agreement rates. Please note: A number of central banks implement their monetary policy based on more than one interest rate. For central banks that communicate a target band, the middle of the band is shown. Rates shown may lag decisions due to monthly recalculation periods.
Global
Money Supply
M2 money supply, billions USD, updates monthly
M2 Money Supply is a measure of currency that includes cash, checking deposits, and non-cash assets that can easily be converted into cash. Markets don’t typically respond directly to changes in M2, but growth in the money supply can influence inflation, interest rates, and exchange rates over longer time horizons.
Global
Money Supply Growth
M2 money supply, annual change, billions USD, updates monthly
M2 Money Supply is a measure of currency that includes cash, checking deposits, and non-cash assets that can easily be converted into cash. Markets don’t typically respond directly to changes in M2, but growth in the money supply can influence inflation, interest rates, and exchange rates over longer time horizons.
Global
Central Bank Assets
Central bank assets, billions USD, updates monthly
Central Bank Assets consist of government and corporate bonds, credit granted to financial institutions, foreign reserves, and other securities. Changes in central bank balance sheets help determine liquidity in the banking system and assist in the implementation of monetary policy. When policymakers buy government bonds and corporate debt instruments, they are seeking to lower yields and loosen financial conditions. Conversely, when assets are sold, they are seeking to increase yields and tighten financial conditions.
Global
Economic Policy Uncertainty
Global Economic Policy Uncertainty Index, GDP-weighted average, updates monthly
The Global Economy Policy Uncertainty Index is a gross-domestic-product-weighted average of national economic policy uncertainty indices for 16 countries that account for two-thirds of global output. Each national index reflects the relative frequency of own-country newspaper articles that contain a trio of terms pertaining to the economy, uncertainty and policy-related matters.
Global
General Debt Ratios
Credit to general government, non-financial corporate, and household sectors, % of gross domestic product at market value (Chinese government at nominal value)
Aggregate Debt Ratios measure the total borrowing of the general government, non-financial corporate, and household sectors, expressed as a share of gross domestic product. Total debt is followed by investors as a gauge of the vulnerability of an economy to financial shocks. An overly fast pace of debt growth is also frequently associated with a buildup of unproductive investment and excessively high asset valuations.
Global
Net International Investment Position
Net international investment position, billions USD, adjusted for breaks, updates quarterly
The Net International Investment Position is the difference between the external financial assets and liabilities of a nation. A nation with a positive position is a creditor nation and is generally considered a safe haven in financial markets. A nation with a negative position is a debtor nation, with deeper balance of payments vulnerabilities..
Latest Analysis
Latest Analysis
Worries return
17 June, 2025
• Turnaround. Middle East concerns returned overnight. Oil rose, US equities & bond yields declined. USD firmer. AUD & NZD lost ground.• Fluid situation. More headline driven volatility looks likely...
Dollar's Decline Remains Intact Even As Risk Backdrop Worsens
17 June, 2025
The dollar is up slightly this morning, but remains on course toward its worst year-to-date performance in this century, even as geopolitical risks simmer in the background and the Federal Reserve grapples...
Upbeat vibes. Will it last?
16 June, 2025
• Improved vibes. Turnaround in markets overnight on reports Iran is looking to restart nuclear talks. Equities rose, oil prices eased. AUD & NZD rebounded.• Macro trends. Middle East situation remains...
Geopolitical Concerns Ease Ahead of Action-Packed Week
16 June, 2025
Measures of market stress are moderating ahead of a week crammed with a combustible array of potential volatility catalysts including an escalation in Middle East hostilities, three major central bank...
The fog of war
15 June, 2025
• Middle East conflict. Developments dampened sentiment. Oil prices spiked & equities slipped back. USD firmer. AUD & NZD lost some ground.• Volatility. Geopolitical tensions can generate more...
Israeli Attack on Iran Leaves Markets Rattled
13 June, 2025
Financial markets are suffering another round of tumult this morning after Israel launched dozens of air strikes against Iran, targeting its air defences, nuclear programme, and military leadership. As...
Volatility Surges as Israel Strikes Iran
12 June, 2025
The US dollar is surging against most of its major counterparts as Israel launches airstrikes on Iran, threatening to ignite a new war in the Middle East – still the origin of nearly a third of global...
Crosscurrents
11 June, 2025
• Mixed signals. Positive US CPI offset by lack of US/China trade progress. S&P500 dipped, as did bond yields. AUD & NZD also eased back.• Tariff impacts. Some signs of tariffs in US inflation....
Dollar Slips and Markets Rip Higher As Soft US Inflation Data Bolsters Rate Cut Bets
11 June, 2025
The US dollar is trading with a modestly weaker bias after fresh evidence that price pressures are moderating in the world’s largest economy reinforced expectations that the Federal Reserve could begin...
Currencies Calm Even As Pound Slumps On Labour Market Cooling
10 June, 2025
The greenback is edging higher against most of its advanced-economy counterparts, but traders remain cautious as they await tomorrow’s inflation release, Thursday’s long-dated Treasury auction, and any...